This is a lump or bulge in the back of your knee. It is also called a popliteal synovial cyst. It occurs when extra joint fluid flows into a small sac behind the knee. This extra fluid occurs because of osteoarthritis or a torn cartilage, such as a meniscus tear. This irritates the knee joint, causing inflammation. The longer the inflammation process, the larger the cyst will become. This is because, fluid from the inflamed area pools into the knee joint, which subsequently increases the size of the cyst. Swelling in the posterior knee maybe an early sign. Pain that increases with flexion and extension is also reported by some patients.
Emergency Room
Diagnosis is based on adequate history taking, with physical examination. Several patients present with pain and swelling to the affected knee. Plain radiographs is a simple way to start. However, if thrombosis is suspected, then a doppler ultrasound is needed. An ultrasound has a number of advantages, one of the major ones, is its ability to confirm the diagnosis of Baker's cyst. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is superior for diagnosis of Baker's cyst. This is because it can differentiate the cyst from other problems. It can rule out other conditions such as ligament tears and osteoarthritis. Getting an MRI from an emergency room visit may not be feasible, based on the available resources, and severity of condition. Patients often times are given referral for follow up with a specialist who can arrange an MRI form an out patient setting.
Treatment
The initial treatment of a Baker's cyst is pain management. Medications prescribed are usually NSAIDS such as Ibuprofen, in combination with oral steroids. Home care includes resting the affected limb, and applying ice. Ice should be applied no longer than 20 minutes. Never place ice directly on the skin. It is better to wrap into a towel before applying. Apply the ice every 3-4 hours, for a period of 24-48 hours. For added comfort, a knee brace may provide some pain relief as well. Make sure you talk with your health care provider before taking any over the counter medications. Always see an healthcare provider for professional diagnosis and treatment. Make sure to follow any guidelines and recommendations given.